Cancer and Healthy

A prostate biopsy is a test to remove small samples of prostate tissue to be examined under a microscope.

For a prostate biopsy, a thin needle is inserted through the rectum, through the urethra , or through the area between the anus and scrotum. A transrectal biopsy is the most common method used. The tissue samples taken during the biopsy are examined for cancer cells.

A biopsy may be done when a blood test shows a high level of prostate specific antigen (PSA) or after a digital rectal examination finds an abnormal prostate or a lump.

There are a few things you need to do before getting a prostate biopsy.

First, tell your doctor if you:

• Have had any bleeding problems.
• Are allergic to any medications, including anesthetics.
• Take any medications regularly. Be sure your doctor knows the names and doses of all your medications.
• Are taking any blood-thinning medications.

Then you will need to sign a consent form that says you understand the risks of a prostate biopsy and agree to have the biopsy done. Of course, you should talk to your doctor and make sure you understand what will be done, how, any risks or side effects and what the results may indicate.

If you have this done under local anesthetic through the area between the anus and scrotum then no more preparations are necessary. If you have it done through the rectum, you may need to have an enema before the procedure.

If the biopsy is done under general anesthesia, do not eat or drink anything for 8 to 12 hours before the biopsy. During preparation for the biopsy, an intravenous line or IV is inserted in your arm, and a sedative medication is given about an hour before the biopsy.